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Introduction Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MASLD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are two prevalent metabolic disorders that often coexist and exacerbate each other’s progression. This article explores the complex interrelationship between these conditions, highlighting the pathophysiological pathways involved, the clinical implications, and potential therapeutic interventions. The Intertwined MASLD and T2DM Relationship MASLD is […]

Introduction Hypolipidemia, characterized by low plasma lipoproteins, can result from primary (genetic/familial) or secondary causes. Secondary causes include anemia, chronic illness, hepatitis C infection, malignancy, and hyperthyroidism. Familial hypobetalipoproteinemias (FHBL) are monogenic disorders further classified into secretion defects (FHBL-SD) and enhanced catabolism (FHBL-EC) of lipoproteins. This article discusses three adolescent cases of hypobetalipoproteinemia, two with […]

Introduction Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is a severe liver condition characterized by acute-on-chronic liver injury in patients with chronic alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Despite extensive research, effective pharmacologic therapies remain elusive. This article delves into the role of inflammatory cells and mediators in AH pathogenesis and explores potential therapeutic targets. Pathogenesis of Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis AH is […]

Introduction Autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs) such as autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are chronic inflammatory disorders affecting the hepatobiliary system. These diseases account for a small percentage of liver transplants (LT) in the United States, with survival outcomes influenced by various factors including disease burden, medical comorbidities, and […]

Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the primary form of liver cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with approximately 140,000 cases attributed to chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. HCV is a hepatotropic positive-sense RNA virus that encodes a polyprotein, generating various structural and non-structural proteins. Chronic liver damage leads to unregulated […]

Introduction Recent research has revealed a close association between drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and gut microbiota. However, the specific mechanisms of gut microbiota involvement in DILI remain unclear. This review examines how gut microbiota interacts with common hepatotoxic drugs and its potential role in DILI pathogenesis, offering a comprehensive reference for the interplay between DILI […]